When it comes to commercial construction, safety is never something you leave to chance—especially when it comes to fire protection. At our company, we know how critical fireproofing is for safeguarding your building, its occupants, and your investment. Whether you’re managing a high-rise, a warehouse, or a retail space, understanding how fireproofing works, the materials used, and the relevant code requirements can help you make informed decisions during your build or retrofit project.

Fireproofing isn’t just a box to check for code compliance; it’s a fundamental component of any well-designed commercial structure. In this post, we’ll walk you through the most common fireproofing methods, the materials we use, and what you need to know about staying compliant with local and national fire codes. We’ll also share some practical tips from our years of experience in the field, so you can feel confident about the fire protection strategy for your property.

The Benefits of Commercial Fireproofing

Fireproofing is the application of materials or systems designed to increase a building’s resistance to fire. The main goal is to maintain the structural integrity of key components—like steel beams, columns, and floors—long enough for people to evacuate and for emergency responders to control the situation. But the benefits go beyond compliance:

– Safety First: Effective fireproofing slows down heat transfer, giving occupants valuable time to exit safely.
– Protects Your Investment: By minimizing structural damage, fireproofing can significantly reduce repair costs after a fire.
– Insurance Savings: Many insurers offer better rates or require fireproofing to maintain your policy for commercial properties.
– Peace of Mind: Knowing your building meets or exceeds fire safety standards helps you sleep better at night.

For us, fireproofing isn’t just about meeting the code—it’s about ensuring you, your tenants, and your employees stay safe in the event of the unexpected.

Commercial Fireproofing Methods

There’s no one-size-fits-all solution when it comes to fireproofing. We select a method based on the building’s design, occupancy type, and budget. Below are the most common techniques we use in commercial projects:

1. Spray-Applied Fire-Resistive Materials (SFRM)

Spray-applied fireproofing, also called SFRM, is one of the most widely used methods in commercial construction. This process involves spraying a cementitious or fibrous material directly onto structural steel or concrete. Here’s why it’s so popular:

– Coverage: It conforms to irregular surfaces and penetrates hard-to-reach areas.
– Efficiency: Application is relatively quick, minimizing downtime on busy job sites.
– Performance: High-quality SFRMs can provide up to 4 hours of fire resistance, depending on thickness.

We use specialized equipment to ensure even coverage and proper adhesion. Thickness is determined based on the required fire rating (usually 1, 2, 3, or 4 hours) and confirmed with regular inspections.

Tip: While SFRM is cost-effective, it’s susceptible to impact damage and moisture. It’s best suited for areas that won’t see a lot of traffic or exposure to the elements unless protected by a durable finish.

2. Intumescent Coatings

Intumescent paints and coatings are another popular option, especially in spaces where aesthetics matter. When exposed to high heat, these coatings expand and form a char layer that insulates the underlying material.

– Aesthetics: The finished surface looks similar to regular paint, making it ideal for exposed steel in lobbies, atriums, and offices.
– Versatility: Works well on both steel and wood substrates.
– Durability: Many intumescent systems are designed for interior and exterior use.

The application process is more involved than standard paint; we apply multiple layers to achieve the specified fire rating. Proper surface prep is key—any oil, rust, or debris must be removed to ensure adhesion.

Tip: Always use intumescent products that are UL-listed or have been tested according to ASTM E119 or similar standards. This ensures the system will perform as expected during a fire.

3. Rigid Board Fireproofing

Rigid fireproofing boards are pre-fabricated panels made from mineral fiber, gypsum, or calcium silicate. We mechanically attach these boards to structural members using clips or fasteners.

– Clean Finish: Boards provide a neat, uniform appearance—ideal for mechanical rooms, corridors, and storage areas.
– Impact Resistance: More durable than sprayed materials, making them suitable for high-traffic zones.
– Speed: Installation is relatively fast for simple shapes and open spaces.

However, rigid boards can be more labor-intensive around complex intersections or irregular surfaces.

Tip: Ensure all joints are tightly sealed, and follow manufacturer guidelines for fastener spacing to maintain the fire rating.

4. Fireproofing Wraps and Blankets

For specialized applications—like protecting ductwork, pipes, or structural steel in tight spaces—we sometimes use fireproofing wraps or flexible blankets. These consist of high-temperature fabrics layered with fire-resistant insulation.

– Flexibility: Perfect for irregular shapes and retrofit projects.
– Lightweight: Adds minimal load to existing structures.
– Removability: Some systems can be removed for inspection or maintenance and re-installed.

Tip: Verify that the wrap or blanket system is approved for your specific application and fire rating requirements.

Fireproofing Materials: What’s Inside?

While the fireproofing method you choose is important, the quality of the materials is just as critical. Here’s a quick rundown of the materials you’ll find in commercial fireproofing systems:

– Cementitious Mixes: Made from Portland cement, lightweight aggregates, and binders. Used primarily for SFRM.
– Mineral Fiber: Non-combustible fibers, often mixed with binders and water, providing both insulation and fire resistance.
– Intumescent Polymers: Expand rapidly when heated, forming a thick, insulating char.
– Gypsum and Calcium Silicate Boards: Rigid, fire-resistant, and used for board-type systems.
– High-Temperature Fabrics: Woven glass, ceramic fiber, or basalt fabrics used in wraps and blankets.

We always use materials that meet or exceed local and national standards. Before starting any project, we verify that all fireproofing products are listed and tested for the intended application.

Code Compliance: What You Need to Know

Fireproofing isn’t just good practice—it’s required by law. Building codes, like the International Building Code (IBC) in the U.S. or provincial codes in Canada, set minimum fire-resistance ratings for structural elements in commercial buildings. Here’s what we emphasize to our clients:

1. Know Your Occupancy and Construction Type: The code requirements for a hospital are very different from those for a warehouse. We’ll help you determine your building’s classification and the corresponding fire-resistance needs.

2. Fire-Resistance Ratings: Structural components are typically rated for 1-4 hours of fire resistance, depending on their role and the building’s height, occupancy, and use.

3. Approved Systems: Only use fireproofing materials and assemblies tested by recognized labs (like UL, Intertek, or FM). The code will often reference these specific listings.

4. Inspection and Documentation: Fireproofing work must be inspected—sometimes by third-party agencies—before being covered up. We provide detailed documentation and warranties for all our installations, so you have a paper trail for future reference.

5. Maintenance: Fireproofing can be damaged by water, impact, or renovations. Regular inspections and prompt repairs are essential for ongoing code compliance and safety.

Tip: Always consult with your local code enforcement office or a qualified fire protection engineer early in your project. Getting it right up front saves you time, money, and headaches down the road.

Application Process: What to Expect

Whether you’re retrofitting an older building or working on new construction, our fireproofing process is designed for efficiency and quality. Here’s a typical workflow:

1. Assessment and Planning: We review your building plans, identify fireproofing needs, and select the best materials and methods for your application.
2. Surface Preparation: Surfaces must be clean, dry, and free from contaminants. For steel, this often means sandblasting or power washing.
3. Application: Our trained crews use specialized spray equipment, trowels, or fasteners, depending on the system. We monitor thickness and coverage closely.
4. Quality Control: Every job includes field adhesion tests, thickness checks, and visual inspections. We document everything for your records and for code officials.
5. Final Inspection: We coordinate with building inspectors or fire marshals for final sign-off before any finishes or coverings are installed.

Tip: Schedule fireproofing early in your build or renovation timeline. It’s much easier—and more cost-effective—to apply fireproofing before installing ceilings, walls, or mechanical systems.

Fireproofing is a vital investment in the safety and longevity of your commercial property. As experienced spray foam and fireproofing contractors, we know that every building is unique, and so are its fire protection needs. By understanding the available methods, choosing the right materials, and staying on top of code requirements, you’re ensuring your project stands up to both regulatory scrutiny and real-world emergencies.

If you’re planning a new commercial build or considering a retrofit, give us a call. We’re always happy to answer your questions, walk you through your options, and provide a detailed, no-obligation estimate. At the end of the day, our goal is simple: to keep your building safe, up to code, and built to last.